HMLS Natural Disasters - Readings and Links

NATURAL DISASTERS: READINGS AND LINKS

DIAMOND, Jared: 2005. Collapse: How Societies Choose to Fail or Succeed. New York, NY: Penguin Books/Penguin Group (USA), Inc. ISBN-13 9780143036555 (paperback).; 1999. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies. New York, NY: W.W. Norton & Company, Inc. ISBN-13 9780393317558 (paperback).; 2012. The World Until Yesterday: What Can We Learn from Traditional Societies? Viking / The Penguin Group/Penguin Group (USA) Inc. ISBN-13 9780670024810 (hardcover).
GOULD, Richard A.: 2007. Disaster Archaeology. Salt Lake City, UT: The University of Utah Press. ISBN-13 9780874808940 (hardcover).
HOFFMANN, Susanna M., and Anthony OLIVER-SMITH, Editors: 2002. Catastrophe & Culture: The Anthropology of Disaster. School of American Research Advanced Seminar Series. Santa Fe, NM: School of American Research Press. ISBN-13 9781930618152 (paperback).
KELLER, Edward A., and Duane E. DeVECCHIO: 2014. Natural Hazards, Earth's Proceesses as Hazards, Disasters, and Catastrophes. Fourth Edition. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall/Pearson Education, Inc. ISBN-13 9780321939968 (paperback).
KIEFFER, Susan W.: 2013. The Dynamics of Disaster. New York, NY: W.W. Norton & Company, Inc. ISBN-13 9780393080957 (hardcover).
RAMROTH, William G., Jr.: 2007. Planning for Disaster: How Natural and Manmade Disasters Shape the Built Environment. New York, NY: Kaplan Publishing. ISBN-13 9781419593734 (paperback).
REDLENER, Irwin: 2006. Americans at Risk: Why We Are Not Prepared for Megadisasters and What We Can Do Now. New York, NY: Alfred A. Knopf, Publisher. ISBN-13 9780307265265 (hardcover).
ROZARIO, Kevin: 2007. The Culture of Calamity: Disaster and the Making of Modern America. Chicago, IL: The University of Chicago Press. ISBN-13 9780226725707 (hardcover).
SMITH, Keith, and Dave PETLEY: 2009. Environmental Hazards: Assessing Risk and Reducing Disaster. Fifth Edition. London, UK: Routledge/Taylor & Francis Group. ISBN-13 9780415428651 (paperback).
STEINBERG, Ted: 2006. Acts of God: The Unnatural History of Natural Disasters in America. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, Inc. ISBN-13 9780195309683 (paperback).
TAINTER, Joseph A.: 1990. The Collapse of Complex Societies. New Studies in Archaeology. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. ISBN-13 9780521386739 (paperback).
WISNER, Ben, Piers BLAIKIE, Terry CANNON, and Ian DAVIS: 2004. At Risk: Natural Hazards, People's Vulnerability and Disasters. Second Edition. London, UK: Routledge/Taylor & Francis Group. ISBN-13 9780415252164 (paperback).

Web Sites

American Geophysical Union (AGU). AGU. Updated frequently.

FEMA. Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), US Department of Homeland Security (DHS). Udated daily.

US Geological Survey (USGS). USGS, US Department of the Interior (DOI). Updated frequently.

Homeland Security. US Department of Homeland Security (DHS). Updated daily.

National Centers for Environmental Protection. National Centers for Environmental Protection (NCEP), National Weather Service (NWS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), US Department of Commerce. 21 December 2018.

Natural Hazards Center, Institute of Behavioral Science, University of Colorado at Boulder. Updated frequently.

Natural Disasters. Reuters (US Edition), Thomson Reuters (Reuters.com). Updated frequently.

Asteroids, Comets & Meteors

BURBINE, Thomas H.: 2017. Asteroids: Astronomical and Geological Bodies. Cambridge Planetary Science (Book 17). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. ISBN-13 9781107096844 (hardcover).
BURROWS, William E.: 2014. The Asteroid Threat: Defending Our Planet from Deadly Near-Earth Objects. Amherst, NY: Prometheus Books. ISBN-13 9781616149130 (paperback).
HUTCHISON, Robert: 2007. Meteorites: A Petrologic, Chemical and Isotopic Synthesis. Cambridge Planetary Science (Book 2). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. ISBN-13 9780521035392 (paperback).
NASA OFFICE OF INSPECTOR GENERAL: 2014. NASA's Efforts to Identify Near-Earth Objects and Mitigate Hazards (IG-14-030). Audit Report. Office of Audits, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), 15 September. [This document is available online at https://oig.nasa.gov/audits/reports/FY14/IG-14-030.pdf.]
NIELD, Ted: 2012. The Falling Sky: The Science and History of Meteorites and Why We Should Learn to Love Them. Guilford, CT: Lyons Press/Globe Pequot Press. ISBN-13 9780762778287 (paperback).
NUGENT, Carrie: 2017. Asteroid Hunters. New York, NY: TED Books/Simon & Schuster, Inc. ISBN-13 9781501120084 (paperback).
STARKEY, Natalie: 2018. Catching Stardust: Comets, Asteroids and the Birth of the Solar System. New York, NY: Bloomsbury Sigma/Bloomsbury Publishing Plc. ISBN-13 9781472955012 (paperback).
YEOMANS, Donald H.: 2013. Near-Earth Objects: Finding Them Before They Find Us. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. ISBN-13 9780691149295 (hardcover).

Web Sites

Asteroid and Comet Watch. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). 8 November 2018.

Center for Near Earth Object Studies (CNEOS). Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL)/California Institute of Technology (CIT). National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). Updated daily.

Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics (CfA). Harvard College Observatory (HCO)/Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory (SAO). Updated often.

Impact: Earth! (Impact Calculator program written by Gareth Collins, H. Jay Melosh, and Robert Marcus). Purdue University and Imperial College (London), 2019.

International Astronomical Union (IAU) Minor Planet Center (MPC). Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory (SAO). Updated often. [Note the List Of The Potentially Hazardous Asteroids (PHAs). Updated daily.]

Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory (JHU/APL). Updated often.

Planetary Defense Coordination Office (PDCO). National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). 7 December 2017.

spaceweather.com. spaceweather.com (Dr. Tony Phillips). Updated daily.

Terrestrial Impact Craters. Views of the Solar System. Calvin J. Hamilton, 2011.

Cyclones, Hurricanes & Typhoons

BRUNSMA, David L., David OVERFELT, and J. Steven PICOU, Editors: 2007. The Sociology of Katrina: Perspectives on a Modern Catastrophe. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc. ISBN-13 9780742559301 (paperback).
COOPER, Christopher, and Robert BLOCK: 2006. Disaster: Hurricane Katrina and the Failure of Homeland Security. New York, NY: Times Books/Henry Holt and Company, LLC. ISBN-13 9780805081305 (hardcover).
DIXON, Bill: 2009. Last Days of Last Island: The Hurricane of 1856, Louisiana's First Great Storm. Lafayette, LA: University of Louisiana at Lafayette Press. ISBN-13 9781887366885 (paperback).
DYSON, Michael Eric: 2006. Come Hell or High Water: Hurricane Katrina and the Color of Disaster. New York, NY: Basic Books/Perseus Book Group. ISBN-13 9780465022724 (paperback).
FREUDENBURG, William R., Robert GRAMLING, Shirley LASKA, and Kai T. ERIKSON: 2009. Catastrophe in the Making: The Engineering of Katrina and the Disasters of Tomorrow. Washington, DC: Shearwater Books (The Center for Resource Economics)/Island Press. ISBN-13 9781597266826 (hardcover).
HALLOWELL, Christopher: 2005. Holding Back the Sea: The Struggle on the Gulf Coast to Save America. New York, NY: Harper Perennial/HarperCollins Publishers. ISBN-13 9780061124249 (paperback).
LARSON, Erik: 2000. Issac's Storm: A Man, a Time, and the Deadliest Hurricane in History. New York, NY: Vintage Books/Random House, Inc. ISBN-13 9780375708275 (paperback).
SALLENGER, Abby [Asbury]: 2009. Island in a Storm: A Rising Sea, a Vanishing Coast, and a Nineteenth-Century Disaster that Warns of a Warmer World. New York, NY: Public Affairs/Perseus Books Group. ISBN-13 9781586485153 (hardcover).
VAN HEERDEN, Ivor, and Mike BRYAN: 2006. The Storm: What Went Wrong and Why During Hurricane Katrina—the Inside Story from One Louisiana Scientist. New York, NY: Viking/Penguin Group (USA), Inc. ISBN-13 9780670037818 (hardcover).

Web Sites

Center for Hazards Assessment, Response, and Technology (UNO-CHART). UNO-CHART, University of New Orleans (UNO). No date.

Hurricanes. Environment/Natural Disasters. National Geographic (NatGeo). 8 October 2018.

National Hurricane Center (NHC). National Weather Service (NWC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), US Department of Commerce. Updated daily.

Special Report: Washing Away (Five-Part Series). The Times-Picayune (Nola.com). 23-27 June 2002.

Diseases

BIDDLE, Wayne.: 2002. A Field Guide to Germs. Second Edition. (Originally published in 1995 by Henry Holt & Company, US.) New York, NY: Anchor Books/Random House, Inc. ISBN-13 9781400030514 (paperback).
COSS, Stephen: 2007. The Fever of 1721: The Epidemic That Revolutionized Medicine and American Politics. New York, NY: Simon & Schuster, 2016. ISBN-13 9781476783086 (hardcover).
CROSBY, Molly Caldwell: 2007. The American Plague: The Untold Story of Yellow Fever, The Epidemic that Shaped Our History. New York, NY: The Berkley Publishing Group/Penguin Group (USA), Inc. ISBN-13 9780425217757 (paperback).
DOHERTY, Peter C.: 2013. Pandemics. What Everyone Needs to Know. New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 2013. ISBN-13 9780199898121 (paperback).
GARRETT, Laurie: 1995. The Coming Plague: Newly Emerging Diseases in a World Out of Balance. Reprint Edition. (Originally published in 1994 by Farrar, Straus And Giroux, US.) New York, NY: Penguin Books/Penguin Group (USA) Inc. ISBN-13 9780140250916 (paperback).
HEMPEL, Sandra: 2018. The Atlas of Disease: Mapping deadly epidemics and contagion from the plague to the zika virus. London, UK: White Lion Publishing/Quarto Publishing PLC. ISBN-13 9781781317907 (hardcover).
JACOBSEN, Kathryn H.: 2014. Introduction To Global Health. Second Edition. Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning. ISBN-13 9781449688349 (paperback).
KOLATA, Gina [Bari]: 2001. Flu: The Story of the Great Influenza Pandemic of 1918 and the Search for the Virus that Caused It. New York, NY: A Touchstone Book/Simon & Schuster, Inc. ISBN-13 9780743203982 (paperback).
MERRILL, Ray M: 2013. Introduction To Epidemiology. Sixth Edition. Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning. ISBN-13 9781449665487 (paperback).
PRESTON, Richard: 1995. The Hot Zone: The Terrifying True Story of the Origins of the Ebola Virus. Reprint Edition. Anchor Books / Doubleday/Random House, Inc. ISBN-13 9780385479561 (paperback).; 2009. Panic in Level 4: Cannibals, Killer Viruses, and Other Journeys to the Edge of Science. Random House Trade Paperback. New York, NY: The Random House Publishing Group/Random House, Inc., 2009. ISBN-13 9780812975604 (paperback).
QUAMMEN, David: 2015. The Chimp and the River: How AIDS Emerged from an African Forest. New York, NY: W.W. Norton & Company, Inc. ISBN-13 9780393350845 (paperback).; 2014. Ebola: The Natural and Human History of a Deadly Virus. New York, NY: W.W. Norton & Company, Inc. ISBN-13 9780393351552 (paperback).; 2013. Spillover: Animal Infections and the Next Human Pandemic. New York, NY: W.W. Norton & Company, Inc. ISBN-13 9780393346619 (paperback).
SHAH, Sonia: 2011. The Fever: How Malaria Has Ruled Humankind for 500,000 Years. Reprint Edition. New York, NY: Picador/Macmillan. ISBN-13 9780312573010 (paperback).; 2017. Pandemic: Tracking Contagions, from Cholera to Ebola and Beyond. Reprint Edition. New York, NY: Picador/Macmillan. ISBN-13 9781250118004 (paperback).
SHEPPARD, Mark: 2015. Ebola: Prepare and Protect Yourself and Your Family. What Everyone Needs to Know. New York, NY: Oxford University Press. ISBN-13 9781507751152 (paperback).
WASIK, Bill, and Monica MURPHY: 2013. Rabid: A Cultural History of the World's Most Diabolical Virus. Reprint Edition. New York, NY: Penguin Books/Penguin Group (USA) Inc. ISBN-13 9780143123576 (paperback).
ZIMMER, Carl: 2015. A Planet of Viruses. Second Edition. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press. ISBN-13 9780226294209 (paperback).

Web Sites

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). U.S. Department of Health & Human Services (DHHS). Updated daily.

Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology (DHCPP), National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases (NCEZID). 12 December 2018.

Division of Vector-Borne Diseases (DVBD), National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases (NCEZID). 17 December 2018.

National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases (NCEZID). CDC, DHHS. 12 December 2018.

Viral Special Pathogens Branch (VSPB), National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases (NCEZID). 18 June 2013.

Ebola (Ebola Virus Disease). Viral Special Pathogens Branch (VSPB), Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology (DHCPP), National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases (NCEZID), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). CDC, U.S. Department of Health & Human Services (DHHS). 15 May 2018.

US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). U.S. Department of Health & Human Services (DHHS). Updated daily.

Zika Virus. Division of Vector-Borne Diseases (DVBD), National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases (NCEZID), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). CDC, U.S. Department of Health & Human Services (DHHS). 8 January 2019.

Earthquakes

ATKINSON, William: 1989. The Next New Madrid Earthquake: A Survival Guide for the Midwest. Shawnee Books Series. Carbondale, IL: Southern Illinois University Press. ISBN-13 9780809313204 (paperback).
DOUGHTON, Sandi: 2013. Full-Rip 9.0: The Next Big Earthquake in the Pacific Northwest. Seattle, WA: Sasquatch Books. ISBN-13 9781570619427 (paperback).
FARLEY, John E.: 1998. Earthquake Fears, Predictions, and Preparations in Mid-America. Carbondale, IL: Southern Illinois University Press. ISBN-13 9780809322015 (paperback; out of print).
FOUNTAIN, Henry: 2018. The Great Quake: How the Biggest Earthquake in North America Changed Our Understanding of the Planet. New York, NY: Broadway Books/Crown Publishing Group / Penguin Random House LLC. ISBN-13 9781101904084 (paperback).
HOUGH, Susan: 2010. Predicting the Unpredictable: The Tumultuous Science of Earthquake Prediction. New York, NY: Princeton University Press. ISBN-13 9780691138169 (hardcover).
MILES, Kathryn: 2017. Quakeland: On the Road to America's Next Devastating Earthquake. New York, NY: Dutton/Penguin Random House LLC. ISBN-13 9780525955184 (hardcover).
MORRIS, Larry E.: 2016. The 1959 Yellowstone Earthquake. Charleston, SC: The History Press, 2016. ISBN-13 9781467119962 (paperback).
THOMPSON, Jerry: 2011. Cascadia's Fault: The Coming Earthquake and Tsunami that Could Devastate North America. Berkeley, CA: Counterpoint Press. ISBN-13 9781582436432 (hardcover).
WINCHESTER, Simon: 2005. A Crack in the Edge of the World: America and the Great California Earthquake of 1906. New York, NY: HarperCollins Publishers. ISBN-13 9780060571993 (hardcover).

Web Sites

American Geophysical Union (AGU). AGU. Updated frequently.

Earthquake. Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), US Department of Homeland Security (DHS). Updated frequently.

Earthquake Engineering Research Institute (EERI). 2016.

Earthquake Hazards Program. US Geological Survey (USGS), US Department of the Interior (DOI). Updated daily.

Earthquakes. Environment/Natural Disasters. National Geographic (NatGeo). Updated daily.

The Geology Society of America (GSA). No date.

National Earthquake Prediction Evaluation Council (NEPEC). Earthquake Hazards Program, USGS. No date.

The Nevada Seismological Laboratory. University of Nevada Reno (UNR). Updated often.

This Dynamic Earth: The Story of Plate Tectonics. (Online Edition based on the book by W. Jacquelyne Kious and Robert I. Tilling.) US Geological Survey (USGS), US Department of the Interior (DOI). 3 September 2015.

Fires (All Causes) & Lightning

BROWN, Daniel James: 2007. Under a Flaming Sky: The Great Hinckley Firestorm of 1894. P.S. Edition. New York, NY: Harper Perennial/HarperCollins Publishers. ISBN-13 9780061236259 (paperback).
EGAN, Timothy: 2009. The Big Burn: Teddy Roosevelt and the Fire that Saved America. New York, NY: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Co. ISBN-13 9780618968411 (hardcover).
UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA (USC): 2018. "Land Use Fuels Wildfires in the West." USC. USC Sol Price School of Public Policy, 2 November. <https://uscpriceonline.usc.edu/resources/wildfires-in-the-west>.

Web Sites

Lightning. Environment/Natural Disasters. National Geographic (NatGeo). 2019.

National Fire Protection Association (NFPA). NFPA. Updated often.

US Fire Administration. Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), US Department of Homeland Security (DHS). 20 DEcember 2018.

Wildfires. Environment/Natural Disasters. National Geographic (NatGeo). 2019.

Floods (Primary)

BARRY, John M.: 1998. Rising Tide: The Great Mississippi Flood of 1927 and How It Changed America. New York, NY: A Touchstone Book/Simon & Schuster, Inc. ISBN-13 9780684840022 (paperback).
CONRAD, David, Omar KAPUR, Amit MAHADEVIA, et.al.: 2012 (1 January). Engineering Principles and Practices of Retrofitting Floodprone Residential Structures (FEMA P-259). Third Edition. Washington, DC: Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). [This document is available online at https://www.fema.gov/media-library/assets/documents/3001.]
FOTHERGILL, Alice: 2004. Heads above Water: Gender, Class, and Family in the Grand Forks Flood. Albany, NY: State University of New York (SUNY) Press. ISBN-13 9780791461587 (paperback).
GOODELL, Jeff: 2018. The Water Will Come: Rising Seas, Sinking Cities, and the Remaking of the Civilized World. New York, NY: Back Bay Books/ Little, Broen and Company / Hachette Book Group, 2018. ISBN-13 9780316260206 (paperback).
McCULLOUGH, David [G.]: 1987. The Johnstown Flood: The Incredible Story Behind One of the Most Devastating "Natural" Disasters America Has Ever Known. Second [Reprint] Edition. New York, NY: A Touchstone Book/Simon &#amp; Schuster. ISBN-13 9780671207144 (paperback).

Web Sites

FEMA Flood Map Service Center: Welcome!. Flood Map Service Center. Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), US Department of Homeland Security (DHS). No date.

Dartmouth Flood Observatory (DFO). (G. Robert Brakenridge and Albert J. Kettner.) Community Surface Dynamics Modeling System (CSDMS), Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research (INSTAAR), University of Colorado at Boulder. Updated daily.

Flood!. NOVA Online. Public Broadcasting Service (PBS). No date.

Floodplain Management Association. Updated often.

Floods. Environment/Natural Disasters. National Geographic (NatGeo). 2019.

National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP). Flood Insurance and Mitigation Administration (FIMA), Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). 15 November 2018.

National Levee Database (NLD). US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE). 18 January 2019.

Avalanches & Land/Mudslides

SASSA, Kyoji, and Paolo CANUTI, Editors: 2009. Landslides: Disaster Risk Reduction. Berlin, DE: Springer-Verlag. ISBN-13 9783540699668 (hardcover).

Web Sites

Avalanches. Environment/Natural Disasters. National Geographic (NatGeo). 2019.

The Landslide Blog (Dave Petley). American Geophysical Union (AGU) Blogosphere. AGU. Updated often.

See especially "The ultimate compilation of the best landslide videos". 21 January 2012.

Landslide Hazards. US Geological Survey (USGS), US Department of the Interior (DOI). Updated often.

Space Weather (Solar Events)

Solar X-rays:
Geomagnetic Field:

Source: n3kl.org

CLARK, Stuart: 2009. The Sun Kings: The Unexpected Tragedy of Richard Carrington and the Tale of How Modern Astronomy Began. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. ISBN-13 9780691141268 (paperback).

Web Sites

Current Solar Data (from NOAA). n3kl.org. National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). No date.

spaceweather.com. spaceweather.com (Dr. Tony Phillips). Updated daily.

Space Weather Prediction Center (SWPC). SWPC, National Centers for Environmental Prediction, National Weather Service (NWS), National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). Updated daily.

Tornadoes

MATHIS, Nancy: 2007. Storm Warning: The Story of a Killer Tornado. New York, NY: A Touchstone Book/Simon & Schuster, Inc. ISBN-13 9780743296601 (paperback).

Web Sites

The Online Tornado FAQ: Frequently Asked Questions about Tornadoes (Roger Edwards). Storm Prediction Center (SPC), National Centers for Environmental Protection (NCEP), National Weather Service (NWS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), US Department of Commerce. 19 April 2018. See also "Some Scientific References on Tornadoes" (compiled by Roger Edwards).

Storm Prediction Center. Storm Prediction Center (SPC), National Centers for Environmental Protection (NCEP), National Weather Service (NWS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), US Department of Commerce. Updated daily.

Tornadoes are Earth's most violent storms. USA Today, Gannett Co., Inc. 12 September 2006.

Twister Dashboard: Exploring Three Decades of Violent Storms.. Environmental Systems Research Institute (ESRI), Inc. ESRI, DeLorme, HERE. No date.

Tsunamis (All Causes)

ATWATER, Brian F.: 2005. The Orphan Tsunami of 1700: Japanese Clues to a Parent Earthquake in North America. Bilingual Edition. Seattle, WA: University of Washington Press/US Geological Survey. ISBN-13 9780295985350 (paperback).
BRYANT, Edward: 2010. Tsunami: The Underrated Hazard. Springer-Praxis Books in Geophysical Sciences. Chichester, UK: Praxis Publishing, Ltd. ISBN-13 9783642093616 (paperback).

Web Sites

Pacific Tsunami Warning Center. National Weather Service (NWS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), US Department of Commerce. 25 November 2009 (Data Updated daily).

Tsunami Research Center (TRC). Department of Civil Engineering, University of Southern California (USC). No date.

Tsunamis. Environment/Natural Disasters. National Geographic (NatGeo). 2019.

West Coast and Alaska Tsunami Warning Center. National Weather Service (NWS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), US Department of Commerce. Updated daily.

Volcanoes

KLINGAMAN, William K., and Nicholas P. KLINGAMAN: 2014. The Year Without Summer: 1816 and the Volcano that Darkened the World and Changed History. New York, NY: St. Martin's Griffin/St. Martin's Press. ISBN-13 9781250042750 (paperback).
WINCHESTER, Simon: 2005. Krakatoa: The Day the World Exploded: August 27, 1883. New York, NY: Harper Perennial/HarperCollins Publishers. ISBN-13 9780060838591 (hardcover).

WOOD, Gillen D'Arcy

2015. Tambora: The Eruption That Changed the World. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. ISBN-13 9780691168623 (paperback).

Web Sites

Cascades Volcano Observatory (CVO). Volcano Hazards Program. US Geological Survey (USGS), US Department of the Interior (DOI). 28 November 2018.

The Electronic Volcano. Edited by Barbara DeFelice, D. Randall Spydell, and Richard E. Stoiber. Dartmouth College. 28 March 1997.

Michigan Technological University (MTU) Volcanoes Page. Keweenaw Volcano Observatory, MTU. No date.

US Volcanoes and Current Activity Alerts. US Geological Survey (USGS), US Department of the Interior (DOI). 27 November 2018.

Volcanoes, explained. Environment/Natural Disasters. National Geographic (NatGeo). 2019.

Volcano World. The Oregon Space Grant Consortium, Department of Geosciences, Oregon State University (OSU). No date.

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