HMLS DEFINITIONS AND DESCRIPTIONS
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- Animal Enterprise Protection Act (AEPA) of 1992
- US Public Law 102-346, 26 August 1992. An anti-animal rights activism law. It was was replaced by the AETA in 2006.
- Animal Enterprise Terrorism Act (AETA) of 2006
- US Public Law 109-374, 27 November 2006. A law that classifies many forms of animal rights activism as terrorism. It replaced the AEPA.
- British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC)
- The BBC's mission is "[to] enrich people's lives with programmes and services that inform, educate and entertain." The BBC's vision is "[to] be the most creative organisation in the world." (http://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/whoweare/mission_and_values/)
- Council on American-Islamic Relations (CAIR)
- "CAIR's vision is to be a leading advocate for justice and mutual understanding. CAIR's mission is to enhance understanding of Islam, encourage dialogue, protect civil liberties, empower American Muslims, and build coalitions that promote justice and mutual understanding." (http://www.cair.com/AboutUs/VisionMissionCorePrinciples.aspx)
- Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA)
- "Established in 1958 as part of the U.S. Department of Defense, DARPA is designed to pursue opportunities for transformational change rather than incremental advances. It does so collaboratively as part of a robust innovation ecosystem that includes academic, corporate, and governmental partners. And while its focus is always on the Nation’s military Services, which count on DARPA to create new strategic and tactical options, DARPA's work has historically catalyzed fundamental breakthroughs that have benefited broader society as well.
". . . In the military domain, DARPA made early and timely investments in ballistic missile defense, stealth aircraft technology, unmanned aerial vehicles, and precision guidance. It also played a significant role in developing the Internet; designing the electronics that undergird the information revolution, and making the global positioning system as mobile and ubiquitous as it is today. From the enormous rocket engines that powered the first manned space flight to the smallest microelectronics in smartphones at home and on the battlefield, DARPA has been at the forefront of technological innovation. . . .
"DARPA's programs are conducted under the oversight of six technical offices: the Defense Sciences Office, the Information Innovation Office, the Microsystems Technology Office, the Strategic Technology Office, the Tactical Technology Office, and the agency’s most recent addition, the Biological Technologies Office. . . ." (http://www.darpa.mil/About.aspx/DARPA_Fact_Sheet_v9.pdf)
- Disaster Mortuary Operational Response Teams (DMORTs)
- "The National Response Framework (NRF) utilizes the National Disaster Medical System (NDMS), as part of the Department of Health & Human Services, Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response (ASPR), Office of Preparedness and Operations (OPEO), under Emergency Support Function #8 (ESF #8), Health and Medical Care, to provide victim identification and mortuary services. These responsibilities include: temporary morgue facilities, victim identification, forensic dental pathology, forensic anthropology methods, processing, preparation, [and] disposition of remains.
"In order to accomplish this mission, Disaster Mortuary Operational Response Teams (DMORTs) were developed. DMORTs are composed of private citizens, each with a particular field of expertise, who are activated in the event of a disaster. . . . During an emergency response, DMORTs work under the guidance of local authorities by providing technical assistance and personnel to identify and process deceased victims." (http://www.phe.gov/Preparedness/responders/ndms/teams/Pages/dmort.aspx)
- E
- None (Under construction).
- Federal Continuity Directive
- The FCD documents, along with National Security Presidential Directive-51/Homeland Security Presidential Directive-20 (NSPD-51/HSPD-20), the National Continuity Policy Implementation Plan (NCPIP), Continuity Guidance Circular 1 (CGC 1), and CGC 2, are part of the US Federal Continuity Plan, which is the roadmap for the implementation and management of the Continuity Program. The Continuity Program is "the foundation for the nation's First Essential Function, Enduring Constitutional Government, and the foundation for the tiers of the National Response Framework, operational governments at all levels – local, State, and Federal – capable of performing their essential functions, under all conditions." FCD 1 provides " direction for the development of continuity plans and programs for the Federal executive branch." FCD 2 "provides direction and guidance for Federal organizations to identify their essential functions and the business process analysis (BPA) and business impact analysis (BIA) that support and identify the relationships between these essential functions."
- Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act (FISA) of 1978
- US Public Law 95-511, 25 October 1978. This is an act that authorizes electronic surveillanceto obtain foreign intelligence information. The original FISA been amended directly several times and by the USA PATRIOT Act. It created the FISA Court. The scope and interpretation of FISA has been hotly debated, especially after 9/11.
- G
- None (Under construction).
- H
- None (Under construction).
Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act (IRTPA) of 2004 - US Public Law 108-458, 17 December 2004. The IRTPA created a Director of National Intelligence (DNI), the National Counterterrorism Center (NCTC), and the Privacy and Civil Liberties Oversight Board. The act tasks the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) to assume the responsibility for comparing pre-flight airline passenger information to Federal Government watch lists for domestic and international flights.
Internet Sacred Text Archive- ISTA is "the largest freely available archive of online books about religion, mythology, folklore and the esoteric on the Internet. The site is dedicated to religious tolerance and scholarship, and has the largest readership of any similar site on the web."
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Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs - The JCPA "is a multidisciplinary, independent, non-profit think tank for Israel policy research and education, bringing together the best minds in the political, strategic, diplomatic and legal arenas in Israel and abroad. Research includes contributions from its 55 Fellows.... Since 2000, the Center has been led by former Israeli Ambassador to the United Nations Dr. Dore Gold...." (http://www.jcpa.org/JCPA/Templates/showpage.asp?DBID=1&LNGID=1&TMID=84&FID=253&PID=369)
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- K
- None (Under construction).
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- L
- None (Under construction).
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- M
- Microgrid
- This term refers to an institution-sized (e.g., campus or prison) electrical system that is connected to grid-provided electricity but can operate independently of it if the grid fails. If needed, a microgrid can be disconnected transparently from the larger grid (based on a paid contractual arrangement) to reduce the load on it. Microgrids can also be a collection of two or more microgrids (Gretchen Bakke The Grid 2017 167-168, 200). It is similar to the private grids used to power single breweries, factories, and other businesses before reliable large-scale power systems were widely available (Bakke 41-48).
- Monoploy
- This term describes the absolute control and/or ownership of a product or service in a market. It also refer to the company or organization that has the monopoly and the product or service that is monopolized.
- Monopsony
- This term refers to the sole customer for product or service in a market. In this case, production, including the entry of new producers into a market, is effectively controlled by the consumer instead of the producer (Bakke 93-97).
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- N
- Nanogrid
- This term refers to a single dwelling electrical system with no connection to grid-provided electricity (Gretchen Bakke The Grid 2017 167-168, 200). It is similar to the private grids used to power the homes of the wealthy before reliable large-scale power systems were widely available (Bakke 41-48).
- US National Counterterrorism Center (NCTC)
- The NCTC's mission is to "[l]ead our nation's effort to combat terrorism at home and abroad by analyzing the threat, sharing that information with our partners, and integrating all instruments of national power to ensure unity of effort."
- National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA) of 2012
- US Public Law 112-81, 31 December 2011. The NDAA of 2012 "greatly expands the power and scope of the federal government to fight the War on Terror, including codifying into law the indefinite detention of terrorism suspects without trial. Under the new law the US military has the power to carry out domestic anti-terrorism operations on US soil." (E.D. Kain, "President Obama Signed the National Defense Authorization Act - Now What?," 2 January 2012 <http://www.forbes.com/sites/erikkain/2012/01/02/president-obama-signed-the-national-defense-authorization-act-now-what/>.)
- National Energy Act (NEA) of 1978
- The NEA established "the following national energy goals for 1985: (1) reduction of annual growth in energy demand to not more than two percent; (2) reduction of oil imports to less than six million barrels per day; (3) reduction of gasoline consumption of 10 percent from 1977 levels; (4) improvement of the efficiency in the energy use of heating and cooling systems in 90 percent of residential buildings, schools, and hospitals; (5) increased coal production to at least 400 million tons over 1976 levels; and (6) use of solar energy in at least 2.5 million homes" ("Summary: H.R.8444 — 95th Congress (1977-1978)," 6 October 1977 <https://www.congress.gov/bill/95th-congress/house-bill/8444>).
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- O
- None (Under construction).
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- P
- Public Utilities Regulatory Policies Act of 1978
- "The Public Utility Regulatory Policies Act of 1978 (PURPA), "passed as part of the National Energy Act of 1978, was meant to promote energy conservation (reduce demand) and promote greater use of domestic energy and renewable energy (increase supply)." It "encouraged creating a market for power from non-utility power producers, increased efficiency by making use of cogeneration, ending promotional rate structures, encouraging the development of hydroelectric power, and the conservation of electric energy and natural gas" ("Public Utility Regulatory Policies Act" Wikipedia 30 December 2017). PURPA was amended by the Energy Policy Act [EPACT] of 2005 and the Energy Independence and Security Act [EISA] of 2007 ("H.R.4018 - Public Utility Regulatory Policies Act," 9 November 1978 <https://www.congress.gov/bill/95th-congress/house-bill/4018>). See also Reference Manual and Procedures for Implementation Of the "PURPA Standards" in the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (Kenneth Rose and Karl Meeusen, 22 March 2006) and Reference Manual and Procedures for Implementation of the "PURPA Standards" in the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (Kenneth Rose, 11 August 2008).
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- Q
- None (Under construction).
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- R
- None (Under construction).
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- Stop Huntingdon Animal Cruelty (SHAC) USA
- SHAC USA is an animal rights group dedicated to shutting down the UK-based Huntingdon Life Sciences labs in New Jersey that test household chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and other products on animals.
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- Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA)
- "The Toxic Substances Control Act of 1976 provides EPA with authority to require reporting, record-keeping and testing requirements, and restrictions relating to chemical substances and/or mixtures. Certain substances are generally excluded from TSCA, including, among others, food, drugs, cosmetics and pesticides." "TSCA addresses the production, importation, use, and disposal of specific chemicals including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), asbestos, radon and lead-based paint." (https://www.epa.gov/laws-regulations/summary-toxic-substances-control-act) On 24 May 2016, the US House of Representatives "passed a bill (HR 2576) to update the 1976 Toxic Substances Control Act for the first time. The bill requires the Environmental Protection Agency to test and regulate tens of thousands of household chemicals on store shelves now and in the future. Financed by user fees on manufacturers, the bill requires higher protection levels for pregnant women, children and other vulnerable populations. The bill drew criticism over its failure to allow individual states to set stricter chemical-safety standards than those imposed by the EPA." (http://www.reflector.com/News/2016/05/29/House-passes-Toxic-Substances-Control-Act-update.html)
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- United Nations (UN)
- "The United Nations is an international organization founded in 1945 after the Second World War by 51 countries committed to maintaining international peace and security, developing friendly relations among nations and promoting social progress, better living standards and human rights." (http://www.un.org/en/aboutun/index.shtml)
- United Nations Military Observer Group in India and Pakistan (UNMOGIP)
- "The first group of United Nations military observers arrived in the mission area on 24 January of 1949 to supervise the ceasefire between India and Pakistan in the State of Jammu and Kashmir. These observers, under the command of the Military Adviser appointed by the UN Secretary-General, formed the nucleus" of the UNMOGIP. "Following renewed hostilities of 1971, UNMOGIP has remained in the area to observe developments pertaining to the strict observance of the ceasefire of 17 December 1971 and report thereon to the Secretary-General."
- United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA)
- "UNRWA ... provides assistance, protection and advocacy for some 5 million registered Palestine refugees in Jordan, Lebanon, Syria and the occupied Palestinian territory, pending a solution to their plight." (http://www.unrwa.org/etemplate.php?id=47)
- Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required To Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism (USA PATRIOT) Act Of 2001
- US Public Law 107-56, 26 October 2001. The USA PATRIOT Act of 2001 is an act "[t]o deter and punish terrorist acts in the United States and around the world, to enhance law enforcement investigatory tools, and for other purposes."
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- None (Under construction).
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- W
- None (Under construction).
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- X
- None (Under construction).
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- Y
- None (Under construction).
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- Z
- None (Under construction).
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